BAKU, Azerbaijan, September
30. Approximately 40–50% of crimes are committed
using new information technologies, the Prosecutor General of
Azerbaijan, Kamran Aliyev, said in a joint interview with Trend News Agency and REAL
TV.
According to him, a decrease in the number of crimes is being
observed in Azerbaijan. The number of crimes recorded in 2025 fell
by about 4.6% compared to 2024. A significant decrease was also
recorded in the first half of 2026 compared to the same period of
the previous year.
At the beginning of the interview, the Prosecutor General
expressed his gratitude to the management and staff of the Trend
News Agency and REAL TV. During the interview held on the eve of
the professional holiday for prosecution service employees, he
answered questions regarding the tasks facing the institution and
the dynamics of crime in the country.
What primary task of the Azerbaijani
Prosecutor's Office today?
Aliyev said that the Prosecutor's Office faces numerous tasks,
all of which are enshrined in the Constitution and other laws.
According to him, while the essence of these tasks remains
constant, they may evolve in form to align with the demands of the
times and the dynamic processes unfolding within society.
Key tasks of the Prosecutor's
Office
"To provide a comprehensive and detailed answer to this
question, we must first consider what the Prosecutor's Office is
and what role and position it holds within society and state
governance. In addressing this, it's essential to note that the
most apt definition of the Prosecutor's Office as a state
institution was provided by the National Leader and founder of the
modern Azerbaijani state, Heydar Aliyev. As you may recall, in
1994, the National Leader described the prosecution authorities as
one of the fundamental pillars of the state," he said.
The Prosecutor General noted that the duties of the Prosecutor's
Office encompass a wide range of areas, extending from maintaining
stability within the state and society to ensuring the rule of
law.
"In this regard, the tasks facing the prosecutor's office
include serving to maintain stability within the state and society,
ensuring the rule of law, protecting the rights and freedoms of
citizens, ensuring a vigorous fight against crime, overseeing the
implementation of laws in the cases and forms prescribed by law,
and performing other functions. There are specific methods,
approaches, means, and mechanisms for carrying out these functions,
and they are enshrined in legislation," emphasized Aliyev.
Decline in crime rates and new types of
crime
Addressing the general crime landscape in the country, the
Prosecutor General noted that while this is a broad topic, the
primary trend is a decrease in the number of crimes.
"In short, a downward trend in crime is being observed in
Azerbaijani society, and this is certainly gratifying. This is
primarily the result of successful reforms and, in my view, the
effective work of law enforcement agencies," he stated.
Aliyev also disclosed figures regarding crime rates.
"I would simply note that a decrease of approximately 4.6% in
the number of crimes was observed in 2025 compared to 2024. If we
compare the first half of 2026 with the first half of 2025, we see
a significant decline there as well," he said.
According to the Prosecutor General, the state and dynamics of
crime are being monitored by law enforcement agencies. At the same
time, however, certain changes have recently occurred regarding the
nature and types of crimes being committed.
"As I mentioned, as a result of processes unfolding in society,
the incidence of certain types of crime is rising slightly, and new
forms of crime are emerging. These trends are observed not only in
Azerbaijan but worldwide, and we are keeping a constant watch on
the situation," Aliyev added.
Combating illicit drug
trafficking
Prosecutor General Kamran Aliyev stated that illicit drug
trafficking is a widespread crime of concern to Azerbaijani
society. According to him, figures for 2026 show a degree of
stabilization and even a trend toward a slight decline compared to
2025.
"However, this mustn’t lead to any complacency," he
emphasized.
Aliyev pointed out that the primary danger lies in the
transnational nature of the problem. He stated that illicit drug
trafficking is not a challenge faced by Azerbaijan alone, and that
joining forces, particularly with countries in the region, is
essential to combat it effectively.
"The cross-border nature of illicit drug trafficking, the buying
and selling of drugs via the internet using new information
technologies, as you noted, and the spread of new, synthetically
produced varieties of dangerous narcotic substances pose a threat
to the health of our youth. In this regard, we face numerous
tasks," the Prosecutor General said.
He noted that law enforcement agencies have carried out
extensive work in this area. Aliyev emphasized the critical
importance of the operations conducted by internal affairs bodies,
the State Customs Committee, and the State Border Service, given
that narcotics are trafficked across borders into the country. The
Prosecutor General identified the fight against illicit drug
trafficking as one of the most important tasks ahead.
Cooperation with regional
countries
Responding to a question regarding cooperation with neighboring
states, Kamran Aliyev stated that work in this area is proceeding
effectively. According to him, issues related to the illicit drug
trade and strategies to combat it are being discussed both among
regional countries and at the international level.
"Our cooperation is effective. These issues and the ways to
combat them are discussed both among regional countries and
internationally. However, in terms of practical cooperation, ties
with the region and neighboring countries naturally hold greater
significance. I must say openly that every country is quite willing
to cooperate in this field," the Prosecutor General added.
Crimes committed using new information
technologies
Responding to a question about the changing methods and forms of
crime in the era of digitalization, the fight against such crimes,
and the future role of artificial intelligence in this sphere, the
Prosecutor General said that the illicit drug trade via the
internet and crimes committed using new information technologies
require special attention.
"The term 'new types of crimes' refers specifically to the
illicit online sale of narcotics, cybercrime, and other offenses
committed through the use of new information technologies.
Unfortunately, from a philosophical perspective, any innovation
that emerges for the advancement of society can play both a
positive and a negative role. New information technologies,
including the application of artificial intelligence, which you
mentioned, represent a new step in human progress. Regrettably,
criminals also exploit the capabilities of these technologies,
including artificial intelligence. In this regard, we must approach
the issue with great seriousness.
"Unfortunately, the number of cybercrimes is increasing day by
day. Chapter 30 of the Criminal Code of Azerbaijan is dedicated to
cybercrimes and comprises three articles. These articles cover acts
such as unauthorized access to and interference with information
systems.
In reality, approximately 40–50% of all crimes currently being
committed involve the use of new information technologies. This
necessitates that personnel from the prosecutor's office and other
law enforcement agencies further enhance their knowledge and skills
in this area. Naturally, we are working in this direction," Aliyev
said.
Human trafficking, domestic violence, and
environmental crimes
The Prosecutor General also addressed other types of crime that
require a concerted response:
"In line with the demands of the times, we have highlighted
digital crimes, illicit drug trafficking, and crimes committed
using information technologies. I also wish to place special
emphasis on the fight against human trafficking and domestic
violence; we bear significant responsibilities in these areas.
Combating environmental crimes is also a highly pressing issue at
this stage. Furthermore, the fight against money laundering is one
of the most critical tasks facing us," he said.
Aligning legislation with modern
requirements
Responding to a question regarding the areas where legislation
needs to be improved as new forms of crime emerge, the Prosecutor
General said that amendments have already been made in several
areas and that this process is ongoing.
"Improving legislation is a dynamic process. At the same time,
maintaining its stability is crucial, as stability is essential for
the effective application of laws.
On the other hand, rapid development and scientific progress
across various sectors of society necessitate the updating of
legislation. These changes must be implemented carefully. While
preserving legislative stability, amendments and additions should
be made in key areas. We are continuing our work in this direction
with the relevant state agencies," the Prosecutor General
noted.
Aliyev emphasized the importance of having solid grounds for
amending legislation. According to him, these grounds stem from
practical experience, including judicial and investigative
practice.
"There must first be compelling grounds for amending the
legislation. These grounds stem from necessity as well as from
judicial and investigative practice. We first study that practice
and substantiate the need for changes. When we determine that
amending the legislation is necessary, we appeal to the relevant
state bodies regarding the matter," he noted.
New rules regarding digital
evidence
The Prosecutor General said that the amendments concerning the
activities of the Prosecutor's Office encompass both procedural
legislation and substantive legal norms. He addressed the
incorporation of provisions from international conventions on
combating cybercrime into Azerbaijani legislation.
"As you know, the United Nations Convention on Combating
Cybercrime has been adopted, and Azerbaijan was among the first
countries to sign it. At the same time, the Council of Europe's
Budapest Convention on Cybercrime also exists.
We have already incorporated the provisions of both conventions
into Azerbaijani legislation. It is essential to establish new
rules regarding the acquisition, protection, storage, and use of
digital evidence in criminal cases," said Aliyev.
According to him, the acquisition and use of digital evidence in
criminal cases require rules that differ from those applicable to
traditional forms of evidence.
"Unlike traditional, classical evidence, specific rules had to
be established for the collection, inclusion in criminal case
files, use, and evaluation of digital evidence. We submitted
proposals to the relevant state agencies regarding this, and the
appropriate law was adopted. At the same time, there was a need to
amend the Criminal Code, and those amendments have already been
made. We can state that, following these changes, our norms of
criminal procedural and substantive law fully comply with the
requirements of international conventions," the Prosecutor General
added.
Solving crimes committed years
ago
Speaking about the results achieved in the investigation of
long-unsolved crimes, Prosecutor General Kamran Aliyev stated that,
regardless of how much time has passed since a crime was committed,
it is essential to solve it in full detail.
"If a crime has been committed, it's crucial to solve it in full
detail. Perpetrators cannot go unpunished. Impunity leads to the
commission of new crimes. In this regard, it's essential to solve
every crime, whether 30 or 40 years have passed since it occurred.
We must also approach this issue from the perspective of the
victims' loved ones," Aliyev noted.
Aliyev pointed out that during meetings with citizens, he had
received appeals regarding unsolved murder cases from previous
years.
“The relatives and family members of murder victims from
previously unsolved cases attend public reception sessions. They
express their hope that the crimes will be resolved. "They want to
know what happened, and why and by whom their loved ones were
killed. This is a natural desire, and we are constantly working in
that direction," he explained.
According to the Prosecutor General, the Prosecutor General's
Office's Department of Criminalistics and Information Technologies,
the Investigation Department, and district prosecutor's offices are
working on such cases in collaboration with relevant state
agencies. Joint investigative-operational groups have been
established for this purpose.
57 criminal cases dating back to previous years
solved
Aliyev announced that 57 previously unsolved criminal cases have
been resolved. According to him, 17 of these cases were solved in
2022, while seven have been resolved between the first half of 2026
and the present.
"Significant work has also been done towards solving several
cases. I believe that their resolution will be secured in the near
future, and the public will be informed about it," the Prosecutor
General said.
He stressed that the prosecutor's office works alongside
relevant state agencies on such cases.
"In fairness, I must say that the prosecutor's office is not the
only body involved in these activities. We cooperate quite
effectively with law enforcement agencies, the State Security
Service, and the Penitentiary Service of the Ministry of Justice.
We coordinate these efforts," he said.
Determining fate of missing
persons
Speaking about the significance of mass graves discovered in the
liberated territories, the fate of missing persons, and the
evidence gathered regarding crimes committed during the First
Karabakh War, Prosecutor General Kamran Aliyev stated that these
matters hold both historical and procedural importance.
"These matters are of great historical and procedural
significance. Unfortunately, a total of 4,010 Azerbaijani citizens
went missing during the First and Second Karabakh Wars. Of these,
4,004 went missing during the First Karabakh War, and six during
the Second Karabakh War," he said.
According to Aliyev, the state is actively working on issues
concerning missing persons. In this regard, the State Commission on
Prisoners of War, Hostages and Missing Persons and the prosecution
authorities are collaborating closely.
"To date, if I am not mistaken, the remains of more than 900
missing persons have been identified. Prosecution authorities have
collected DNA samples from all close relatives of the missing
persons. As new remains are discovered, they are being identified
in the relevant laboratories," the Prosecutor General pointed
out.
Remains of identified individuals handed over to
their relatives
Aliyev said that analyses are ongoing to determine the
identities of the discovered remains.
"Work has been carried out to identify missing persons. The
identities of 328 persons have been established, while analyses
regarding others are continuing. The remains of slightly more than
270 persons have already been handed over to their relatives and
buried," he said.
The Prosecutor General emphasized that, despite the passage of
many years, the families of missing persons continue to await
information regarding their loved ones' fates.
"This is a very important issue. Even after a long time, the
families remain concerned about the fate of the missing persons. As
I mentioned, this is natural. We strive to ensure that the families
of these individuals find at least some measure of solace," he
clarified.
Aliyev said that cooperation with international organizations is
also underway in this regard. According to him, the State
Commission on Missing Persons primarily handles organizational
matters, while the prosecution authorities deal with the procedural
aspects of the cases.
"We are cooperating with international organizations on this
matter, particularly the United Nations Committee on Missing
Persons. As I noted, the State Commission on Missing Persons
focuses largely on organizational issues, whereas the prosecution
authorities—specifically the Investigation Department of the
Prosecutor General's Office—handle the procedural aspects of the
cases," the Prosecutor General added.
Holding individuals abroad
accountable
Responding to a question regarding the role of international law
in bringing to justice individuals currently abroad who are accused
of committing particularly grave crimes against the state and the
people, Prosecutor General Kamran Aliyev said that cooperation with
the relevant authorities of other states is essential and yields
concrete results.
"It’s not just about those specific individuals. In general,
relations within the framework of international law and cooperation
with the relevant agencies of other states are crucial and yield
tangible results. It's indeed possible for persons falling into the
category you mentioned to be held criminally liable, either now or
in the future. We are carrying out the necessary work in this
direction," he noted.
The Prosecutor General pointed out that some of the individuals
in question have already been held accountable. He linked the
holding of these legal proceedings to the conditions that emerged
following the liberation of the territories.
"Some persons falling into that category have been held
accountable. I must particularly note that the measures implemented
by President Ilham Aliyev - and his leadership as
Commander-in-Chief in achieving the complete liberation of the
territories and securing this victory - made it possible to conduct
those court proceedings," said Aliyev.
Circumstances arising for use of collected
evidence
Aliyev said that the conduct of the investigation and the trial
also depended on prevailing circumstances.
"In legal science, there is a concept known as 'investigative
situations.' This means that investigative tactics and the course
of the investigation, as well as the conduct of court proceedings,
depend on specific conditions arising within society.
Since the onset of the Karabakh conflict, prosecution officials
had been gathering evidence over a long period. This work was
carried out by staff serving during both earlier and later periods.
An evidentiary base existed, but the conditions were not yet
favorable for utilizing that evidence," he recalled.
According to the Prosecutor General, the opportunity to utilize
the gathered evidence and hold individuals accountable arose
following the military operations.
He expressed hope that other persons wanted in connection with
the criminal case would also be held accountable in the future.
"As you know, there are other participants in that criminal case
who are currently wanted. I hope it will be possible to hold them
accountable in the future as well," he noted.
Aliyev also touched upon the experience of other states.
According to him, although law enforcement agencies in some
countries have gathered evidence regarding war crimes, they lack
the conditions to utilize that evidence in court proceedings.
"Such crimes have occurred in other states as well. I do not
wish to name specific countries, but if we look at our immediate
neighborhood, we see that the law enforcement and prosecutorial
authorities of those states have collected a great deal of evidence
regarding war crimes. However, they lack the capacity and
conditions to use this evidence and conduct the relevant court
proceedings. This is the point I want to convey," the Prosecutor
General added.
Preventive measures to combat
corruption
Responding to a question about the prompt elimination of
circumstances that create conditions for corruption, the Prosecutor
General described the establishment of ASAN service centers as an
important preventive measure.
“Corruption crimes have always plagued humanity. In the modern
world, both in Europe and in other regions of the globe, these
crimes remain a serious problem for society and the state. I
believe that our country’s political leadership is doing very
successful work in this area.
I would like to specifically highlight the establishment of ASAN
service centers as a preventive measure. This was an important
preventive step. As a result of establishing these centers, the
number of corruption crimes in our country has decreased
significantly. Today, we continue to focus our efforts primarily on
preventing such crimes,” the Prosecutor General said.
Aliyev pointed out that, in addition to preventive measures,
criminal prosecutions for corruption offenses must be carried out.
According to him, the Main Directorate for Combating Corruption
under the Prosecutor General is working toward this goal.
“We constantly try to keep the public informed in this area.
Every criminal prosecution can also be viewed as an educational and
preventive measure. This is because an uncompromising approach to
such cases is one of the most important preventive measures carried
out by the prosecutor’s office and other law enforcement agencies,”
he emphasized.
Analysis of reports and notification of state
agencies
The Prosecutor General stated that information received by the
Prosecutor's Office regarding corruption-related crimes and
offenses is being analyzed. This includes information received via
the hotline of the Main Directorate for Combating Corruption under
the Prosecutor General, as well as through other channels.
"We analyze information received by the Prosecutor's Office
concerning corruption crimes and other offenses. Where necessary,
we forward information received, whether through the hotline of the
Main Directorate for Combating Corruption under the Prosecutor
General or via other channels, to the relevant agencies," said
Aliyev.
He emphasized that the forwarding of information to the relevant
agencies should not be interpreted as simply passing on details
about criminal offenses without investigation.
"This doesn’t mean that we are reporting information about
individuals who have committed crimes to their employers. Not every
violation of the law constitutes a crime. We forward information
regarding other infractions, those not of a criminal nature, to the
relevant agencies. They conduct investigations and, where
necessary, hold their employees administratively liable. We also
inform these agencies about any identified shortcomings so that
they can take preventive measures," he said.
Development of entrepreneurship and oversight of
legal compliance
Responding to a question regarding the balance between
protecting the rights of law-abiding entrepreneurs and combating
illegal activities, Aliyev described the issue as both sensitive
and important.
"This is an interesting and sensitive issue. The economy is of
vital importance to the development of any society. For the economy
to develop successfully, entrepreneurial activity must be conducted
freely, yet within the framework of the law," he said.
Aliyev noted that oversight measures should not hinder the
development of entrepreneurship or the economy.
"We believe that law enforcement agencies, including the
prosecutor's office, should structure their activities in such a
way that, alongside combating unlawful practices, they foster the
economic reforms and economic development being implemented in the
country.
Our primary role is precisely this: not to impede economic
development, but rather to boost it. Therefore, we strive to
structure the Prosecutor's Office's cooperation with relevant state
agencies and the private sector in a way that ensures our
activities yield positive results," Aliyev added.
Human trafficking and proceeds of
crime
Assessing the fight against corruption and crimes related to
human trafficking, the Prosecutor General noted that one aspect
common to these crimes, as well as drug trafficking, is the
generation of illicit income.
“One of the factors linking corruption, human trafficking, drug
trafficking, and other similar crimes is the generation of illicit
income. The funds obtained as a result of these crimes are
subsequently laundered and used,” Aliyev said.
According to him, government agencies are coordinating their
efforts to combat human trafficking. The Prosecutor General also
addressed the issue of the national program for 2026–2030 and the
activities of the relevant department of the Ministry of Internal
Affairs in this area.
“Our country is waging a resolute fight against human
trafficking. In this regard, there is a state program for
2026–2030. The relevant department of the Ministry of Internal
Affairs is also carrying out work, and government agencies are
coordinating their efforts in this area. One of the main issues is
combating both these crimes and the laundering of funds obtained as
a result of their commission,” he said.
Aliyev emphasized that the fight must address both the crimes
themselves and the laundering of proceeds derived from them:
“If we don’t combat the crimes themselves and the laundering of
proceeds derived from them effectively enough, we will not achieve
results. At the same time, if we focus only on the laundering of
illicit funds and ignore the crimes from which those funds were
derived, the fight will still not be effective. We are striving to
make our efforts effective in both areas,” he said.
Impact of electronic prosecution system on
operations
Discussing the impact of the Electronic Prosecution system on
daily operations and citizens' ability to submit inquiries, Aliyev
recalled that the Electronic Prosecution Information System was
established in 2021 and implemented shortly thereafter.
"First of all, this system enhances the efficiency of the
prosecution staff's work. It also plays a vital role in solving
murder cases that were remaining unresolved for years. In such
cases, the prompt acquisition of evidence and information, as well
as agile action, are crucial. In this regard, the system is of
great importance to our staff," he said.
According to the Prosecutor General, citizens can use the system
to submit complaints to the prosecution service and receive updates
on the outcomes of their inquiries. Options to submit inquiries via
email and social media are also available.
"Citizens can file complaints and receive information regarding
the results of their inquiries through the Electronic Prosecution
Information System. Additionally, it is possible to submit
inquiries via our email addresses and social media channels,"
Aliyev pointed out.
Electronic oversight of investigative
proceedings
Aliyev said that the Electronic Prosecution Information System
includes modules covering investigations, criminal case materials,
state prosecution, and the execution of sentences. According to
him, these modules facilitate more effective prosecutorial
oversight.
"As Prosecutor General, I can review criminal cases currently
being handled by district prosecutor's offices at any time. I can
see how many criminal cases are under their jurisdiction and access
the files to review witness testimonies and other documents
electronically, without needing to make separate inquiries to the
staff members involved. These capabilities assist in the work of
prosecution officials and help improve working conditions," the
Prosecutor General added.
Digital evidence and the right to
privacy
Responding to a question about how the balance between the use
of digital data in investigations and the right to privacy is
maintained, the Prosecutor General said that while new technologies
enable the acquisition of more information, the protection of
personal data remains a fundamental requirement.
"On the one hand, new information technologies enable access to
more information. This is important because everyone has the right
to access information. On the other hand, everyone's private life
and personal data are inviolable. This right is protected by the
Constitution, international conventions, and the laws of
Azerbaijan. The matter is also of great importance from the
perspective of ethical standards," he said.
According to Aliyev, access to data within the Electronic
Prosecution Information System is restricted, and each employee can
access only the information relevant to their specific area of
work.
"The Electronic Prosecution Information System contains various
types of data, and we strive to ensure their confidentiality.
Strict rules govern access to information within the system:
individuals can only access data relevant to their specific area of
work. We monitor who accesses what information and how. This
entails a significant responsibility toward our citizens and
society.
We also receive complaints from citizens regarding violations of
their right to privacy or the unlawful acquisition of their
personal data. These rights are strictly protected by law, and law
enforcement agencies take decisive action against such violations,"
the Prosecutor General noted.
Detecting delays through electronic
monitoring
Answering the question of whether he encountered situations
requiring intervention while reviewing cases from the regions via
the Electronic Prosecutor's Office Information System, Aliyev said
that the system most frequently reveals instances of materials not
being reviewed on time, prolonged investigations, and unjustified
delays.
"I will try to answer your question candidly. When reviewing
cases through the Electronic Prosecutor's Office Information
System, I most often observe failures to review materials on time,
prolonged investigations, and unjustified delays. Sometimes, issues
regarding the legal classification of the offense also catch my
attention. Such instances have occurred, and we have intervened
immediately," he said.
According to the Prosecutor General, the reasons for
investigations exceeding the prescribed timeframe are examined in
every instance. He noted that while there may be objective reasons
for delays, employees are held accountable when subjective factors
are identified.
"To be frank, our staff members are highly professional and
organize their work efficiently. Nevertheless, whenever an
investigation exceeds the scheduled timeframe, we immediately
ascertain the reason. Each case is examined individually.
Sometimes, delays arise from objective factors inherent to the
nature of the work. However, when subjective factors are
identified, we hold our employees accountable," Aliyev
stressed.
International legal cooperation in
investigations
Assessing the outcomes of extradition and mutual legal
assistance regarding individuals who have left the country to evade
accountability, Aliyev said that international legal cooperation is
required in approximately half of the investigations conducted at
the level of the Prosecutor General's Office.
"At the level of the Prosecutor General's Office, i.e., within
the Investigation Department, the Main Directorate for Combating
Corruption, and other bodies, international legal cooperation is
required in approximately half of the ongoing investigations. This
encompasses the submission of requests for legal assistance and
extradition. Therefore, such cooperation is crucial," he
explained.
According to Aliyev, Azerbaijan has established close
cooperation with the prosecution and law enforcement agencies of
both regional and other states. He emphasized that concrete actions
underpin these contacts.
"We cooperate closely with the prosecution and law enforcement
agencies of both regional and other states. At first glance, one
might view these contacts merely as symbolic meetings and visits.
However, serious work lies behind each of them. We sign memoranda
with the prosecution authorities of various countries and establish
effective cooperation," the Prosecutor General noted.
He said that, given the time required for legal assistance
requests to move through various stages, direct and close ties with
the relevant agencies of other countries are of particular
importance.
"Preparing a request for legal assistance, navigating the
various stages of the process, and ensuring its delivery takes
time. In this area, the prosecution authorities coordinate the
activities of other law enforcement agencies. Therefore, close
relations between the relevant bodies of different countries are
crucial.
This cooperation often enables us to intervene promptly. We
maintain contact with our foreign counterparts and also receive
numerous requests for legal assistance from those countries," said
Aliyev.
Extradition of 65 people to Azerbaijan in
2025
The Prosecutor General said that extradition is part of the
Prosecutor's Office's routine operations and that the public is
informed about both the transfer of individuals to Azerbaijan and
their extradition from the country to other states.
"Our Press Service regularly provides information regarding the
extradition of individuals to our country or from Azerbaijan to
other countries. This is part of our daily operations.
The Prosecutor's Office of Azerbaijan and the Ministry of
Justice are the central executive bodies responsible for legal
assistance and extradition. Both institutions operate in this
area," the Prosecutor General said.
According to Aliyev, 65 persons were extradited to Azerbaijan
from other countries in 2025. He noted that he mentioned this
figure based on his memory.
"In 2025, 65 persons were extradited to Azerbaijan from other
countries. Every extradition is a complex process. Whether we
request a person's extradition or another country submits a request
to us, all stages of the process are scrutinized. There are quite
stringent legal requirements in this area.
"We review all legal aspects of the matter before extraditing
any individual to another country. I believe that cooperation in
this area needs to be further improved and made more agile in the
future," the Prosecutor General added.
Investigation of environmental
violations
Addressing issues such as illegal tree felling, the pollution of
water resources, and damage to land, Prosecutor General Kamran
Aliyev stated that the illegal use of natural resources and
environmental damage are significant matters.
"Environmental crimes, the improper use of forest resources, the
illegal exploitation of subsoil, land, and other natural resources,
and damage to the environment are critical issues. These problems
are coming to the forefront globally, including in Azerbaijan," he
said.
According to Aliyev, the Ministry of Ecology and Natural
Resources refers cases falling into these categories to the
Prosecutor's Office. The Prosecutor General's Office operates a
Department for Proceedings Outside Criminal Prosecution that
handles such matters.
"Considerable effective work is being carried out in our country
in this regard. The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources
regularly refers such cases to the Prosecutor's Office. When the
new structure of the Prosecutor General's Office was approved in
2020, a Department for Proceedings Outside Criminal Prosecution was
established. That department deals directly with cases of this and
other categories," he noted.
Protection of public interests and compensation
for damages
Aliyev said that the activities of the Department for
Proceedings Outside Criminal Prosecution are sometimes not
correctly understood. According to him, the department's work can
also be characterized as the protection of public interests.
"I follow the media and see that the activities of the
Department for Proceedings Outside Criminal Prosecution are
sometimes misinterpreted. What does 'outside criminal prosecution'
mean? In fact, this department could also be called the Department
for the Protection of Public Interests. It is about protecting the
interests of society," he said.
The Prosecutor General noted that, in addition to environmental
issues, the department is involved in matters concerning domestic
violence, violence against minors and within the family, and the
deprivation of parental rights, as well as in the process of
ensuring that the objectives of punishment are achieved in
correctional facilities.
"The department investigates cases related to environmental
crimes, domestic violence, violence against minors and within the
family, and the deprivation of parental rights. Unfortunately, such
incidents do occur. At the same time, the department is closely
involved in the process of ensuring that the aims of punishment are
realized within correctional institutions," said Aliyev.
He added that in cases involving environmental offenses, the
primary focus is placed on compensating for the damage caused. In
instances where the extent of the damage is significant, steps are
taken to hold the individuals criminally liable.
"We receive materials from the Ministry of Ecology and Natural
Resources regarding the illegal use of subsoil and other natural
resources, the felling of trees, and the destruction of forest
resources. In such cases, our primary focus is on ensuring
compensation for the damage caused. However, in instances where the
extent of the damage is significant, we ensure that the responsible
individuals are held criminally liable," the Prosecutor General
emphasized.
Warning signs associated with domestic
violence
Responding to a question about the warning signs that precede
acts of domestic violence and crimes against women and children,
Aliyev said that intervention in this area requires particular
sensitivity.
"That is absolutely correct. I must openly admit that this is a
very sensitive area. One cannot excessively interfere in family
life. However, situations sometimes arise where we are compelled to
intervene.
Unfortunately, many cases of intentional homicide stem from
domestic issues. Our analysis shows that such crimes are often
preceded by warning signs, such as acts of violence. While these
incidents do not always result in criminal prosecution, it is
crucial to pay attention to them," the Prosecutor General
noted.
Aliyev pointed out that some women are reluctant to report
violence or cooperate with law enforcement agencies because they
wish to prevent the breakdown of the family. According to him, such
situations require a sensitive approach.
"Sometimes, women do not wish to report violence or cooperate
with law enforcement agencies in order to prevent the family from
falling apart. This is understandable. Therefore, we approach such
matters with great sensitivity," he noted.
The Prosecutor General emphasized that the deprivation of
parental rights is a measure of last resort. At the same time, he
noted that, based on received complaints, it sometimes becomes
necessary to petition the court to deprive a parent of their rights
or to restrict those rights.
"Regarding issues involving children, the deprivation of
parental rights is a last resort. Neither the prosecutor's office
nor the state desires for anyone to be deprived of this right.
However, based on complaints received, we are sometimes compelled
to petition the court to seek the deprivation or restriction of
parental rights. Such cases do occur, and as a rule, these claims
are granted," Aliyev said.
Legal awareness and communication with
citizens
Speaking about the Prosecutor's Office's legal awareness
activities and the strengthening of public trust, the Prosecutor
General noted that modern information technologies enable the use
of various tools in this area. He said that raising legal awareness
is a significant area of activity that yields concrete results.
"Modern information technologies enable us to conduct public
awareness activities using various resources. Some might view
public awareness as a general concept, but in reality, it plays a
crucial role. In this regard, a relevant action plan has been drawn
up at the Prosecutor General's Office," noted Aliyev.
According to him, the areas requiring greater public awareness
efforts have been identified. The primary goal of this work is to
explain both rights and responsibilities to citizens.
"We have identified the specific areas where public awareness
activities need to be conducted. There are various methods and
means to achieve this. The main objective is to explain citizens'
rights and responsibilities to them.
People sometimes believe they are familiar with the laws and
their own rights. However, a closer look reveals that their
knowledge is often superficial, and they are unaware of important
nuances," the Prosecutor General said.
Aliyev noted that prosecution officials participate in
television programs and round-table discussions, addressing both
general legal topics and specific cases. Information regarding
matters of public concern is spread through the press and social
media.
"Our staff members participate in television programs and
round-table discussions. They speak on both general topics and
specific cases. When issues of public concern arise, they also
provide information via the press and social media," he said.
The Prosecutor General said that senior officials and department
heads of the institution answer citizens' questions online.
Inquiries submitted to the Prosecutor's Office electronically are
also addressed.
"Senior officials and department heads of the Prosecutor
General's Office regularly answer citizens' questions online. We
also respond to inquiries received electronically. I believe all of
this is essential," Aliyev added.
What issues are most frequently raised during
meetings with citizens?
Speaking about the nature of appeals received during meetings
with citizens, the Prosecutor General said that the complaints
include both well-founded demands and those lacking sufficient
grounds. According to him, the demands of the parties involved in
some appeals are contradictory.
"First of all, I should note that appeals are reviewed within
the framework of the law. They include demands that are
well-founded, those lacking sufficient grounds, and sometimes even
mutually contradictory demands.
The interests of victims and accused persons in criminal cases
do not always align; sometimes they conflict. We examine all such
appeals," the Prosecutor General said.
Aliyev noted that some appeals relate to the charges brought,
while others concern the legal classification of the accused's
actions and the punishment imposed.
"For instance, an accused person might claim they have been
charged under a more severe article than warranted by their
actions. Conversely, a victim might believe the accused received a
lighter penalty than the law requires or that the offense was not
correctly classified.
Sometimes, appeals also state that not all perpetrators have
been identified and that some individuals have escaped liability;
complaints of this nature are also received," he said.
According to the Prosecutor General, there has recently been a
high volume of appeals regarding instances of fraud and the
initiation of criminal proceedings. He noted that when assessing
such cases, it's essential to distinguish between criminal-law and
civil-law relationships.
"Recently, there has been a high volume of appeals regarding the
initiation of criminal proceedings, particularly concerning
instances of fraud.
We strive to approach such appeals objectively. In some cases,
the nature of the relationship between the parties may be civil
rather than criminal; disputes involving the lending of money, for
instance, fall into this category. If the relationship is civil in
nature, the individuals involved should seek redress through the
civil courts. We also instruct and advise prosecutors to operate
strictly within the framework of the law," said Aliyev.
State interests and citizens'
rights
Responding to a question about how the balance between state
interests and citizens' rights is maintained, the Prosecutor
General said that, in his view, there is no conflict between the
interests of the state and those of its citizens.
"There is no conflict between the interests of the state and the
interests of citizens; they complement each other. If we fully
secure the state's interests, it means the citizens' interests are
also being secured. At the same time, fully upholding the lawful
interests of citizens is a duty the state has assigned to the
prosecution authorities," he noted.
Aliyev added that the prosecution service must be guided by the
requirements of the law when various situations arise.
"Various situations do arise, and in such cases, we strive to be
guided solely by the requirements of the law. One of a prosecutor's
primary duties is to protect the interests of the state and
society. The interests of a specific individual may not always
align with the public interest. For us, the interests of the state,
society, and all its members are paramount. Naturally, society
itself is composed of individual citizens," the Prosecutor General
emphasized.
Accountability of prosecutors for violating the
law and ethical standards
Responding to a question about how accountability is enforced
when a prosecution service employee violates the law or ethical
conduct rules, Aliyev said that such an employee bears a heightened
level of responsibility due to the position they hold.
"If a prosecution service employee violates the law, I believe
they bear a double responsibility compared to employees of other
agencies. The position they hold does not absolve them ethically or
morally; on the contrary, it increases their accountability," he
noted.
According to Aliyev, employees receive regular instructions and
recommendations to prevent violations of the law and ethical
standards.
"We are waging a vigorous campaign in this area. First and
foremost, we constantly instruct our employees and provide them
with guidance. They strive to serve the state, society, and every
individual citizen in accordance with the requirements of the law,"
the Prosecutor General pointed out.
He mentioned that whenever a potential violation is identified,
an investigation is conducted by the Department of Internal
Investigations of the Prosecutor General's Office, which was
established in 2020. A Disciplinary Commission and an Ethical
Conduct Commission also operate within the institution.
"When such instances are identified, the Department of Service
Investigations, established within the Prosecutor General's Office
in 2020, conducts an inquiry. Two commissions, the Disciplinary
Commission and the Ethical Conduct Commission, also operate within
the Prosecutor General's Office," said Aliyev.
Disciplinary and criminal
liability
The Prosecutor General explained that violations of the law and
breaches of ethical conduct rules are investigated by separate
commissions.
"A prosecution service employee may violate ethical conduct
rules without necessarily violating the law. Based on the results
of official investigations, materials concerning violations of the
law are referred to the Disciplinary Commission, while materials
concerning breaches of the Code of Ethical Conduct are referred to
the Ethics Commission. Appropriate measures are taken in these
areas, and employees who commit such violations are held
accountable," he explained.
According to Aliyev, in the period spanning slightly over eight
months of this year, there have been instances where prosecution
service employees received reprimands, were dismissed from their
positions, or were placed in the personnel reserve. One individual
was dismissed from the prosecution service. He also noted that some
employees have faced criminal liability.
"In the period of just over eight months this year, there have
been instances where employees received reprimands, were dismissed
from their positions, or were placed in the personnel reserve. One
individual was dismissed from the prosecution service. Recently,
there have also been cases where we have held prosecution employees
criminally liable.
Unfortunately, such incidents do occur. Working in the
prosecution service grants no privilege of exemption from criminal
liability. On the contrary, I believe this role demands a higher
level of responsibility," the Prosecutor General emphasized.
Information on investigations and
confidentiality
Responding to a question regarding the balance between promptly
informing the public about criminal incidents and protecting the
secrecy of investigations and the presumption of innocence, the
Prosecutor General noted that this issue is also linked to the
confidentiality of citizens' personal data.
"In fact, we have already touched upon the matter of not
disclosing citizens' personal data and keeping it confidential. The
protection of investigative secrecy is also related to this," he
said.
Aliyev addressed the cooperation between the Prosecutor
General's Office Press Service and media outlets, thanking media
professionals for their collaboration with the prosecution
service.
"We strive to ensure that our Press Service operates effectively
and engages in active cooperation with media outlets. I would like
to take this opportunity to thank all media organizations and
professionals for their cooperation with the prosecution service. I
state with full confidence that the prosecution service cooperates
with all media outlets on an equal basis. This is of great
importance," the Prosecutor General noted.
According to him, the media plays a vital role in crime
prevention, as well as in raising legal awareness and implementing
preventive measures. At the same time, a balance must be struck
between the public's right to information and the need to protect
the integrity of investigations and the rights of persons.
"The media plays an indispensable role in crime prevention, as
well as in the implementation of the awareness-raising and
proactive measures we just discussed. It’s indispensable. At the
same time, a balance must be struck between two principles: on one
hand, the right of citizens and society to be informed, and on the
other, the protection of investigative secrecy, the presumption of
innocence, and the rights of persons," said Aliyev.
The Prosecutor General emphasized the importance of verifying
the accuracy of information before releasing it and ensuring that
the presumption of innocence and investigative secrecy are not
compromised.
"We strive to fully maintain this balance in accordance with
legal requirements. Sometimes, media representatives obtain
information from other sources and approach us. We can disclose
such information only when we are absolutely certain of its
accuracy and confident that doing so won’t violate the presumption
of innocence or investigative secrecy," he said.
According to Aliyev, it may not be possible to disclose
information regarding cases where intensive investigative and
operational measures are currently underway. The consequences of
making personal information public are also taken into account.
"There are cases, as I mentioned earlier, where very intensive
investigative and operational measures are being conducted to solve
several criminal cases that had remained unresolved for years.
Naturally, we cannot disclose information regarding these cases. We
must also consider the potential consequences of a citizen's
personal information leaking to the press or being made public. We
take all of this into consideration.
This is a sensitive matter requiring a high sense of
responsibility. In every instance, we make the decision regarding
the disclosure of information based on the specific circumstances
of the case," the Prosecutor General added.
Professional and ethical qualities of the modern
prosecutor
Answering a question about the qualities a modern prosecutor or
lawyer should possess, the Prosecutor General said that, alongside
legal knowledge and experience, integrity and fairness are
essential prerequisites.
"That is a challenging and interesting question. I will try to
give a brief and concise answer. Being a knowledgeable lawyer,
possessing a strong grasp of the law and practical experience, is
very important. However, first and foremost, one must be
principled, conscientious, fair, and honest. Those working in the
prosecution service must be upright persons. That is the most
important aspect," he said.
According to Aliyev, a prosecutor's knowledge should not be
limited solely to the field of law. He also highlighted a broad
worldview, political vigilance, patriotism, and a commitment to
statehood as essential qualities.
"A modern and knowledgeable prosecutor must possess not only
legal expertise but also broad general knowledge. They must be
politically astute. Morality is a broad concept, and patriotism is
one of its most vital components. A prosecutor must love their
state and statehood, their people, history, culture, and language.
These are matters of great importance," the Prosecutor General
noted.
He said that legal knowledge and moral qualities should
complement one another:
"Let us imagine a prosecutor who is educated and knowledgeable,
and who also possesses the moral qualities I mentioned earlier. I
would like to draw a parallel here with the philosophical
categories of form and content. Their moral qualities,
understanding of statehood, patriotism, and attitude toward their
people constitute the content," Aliyev added.
Importance of experience for young staff
members
Kamran Aliyev noted that even if young staff members possess the
necessary knowledge and moral qualities, they still require time to
gain practical experience in the work of the prosecutor's
office.
"At the same time, I believe that experience within the
prosecutor's office and law enforcement agencies in general is a
crucial factor. Young staff members join the service; while they
are patriotic, responsible, conscientious, and fair, and possess
deep legal knowledge, they require some time to gain experience,"
he said.
According to the Prosecutor General, the work of the
prosecutor's office entails not only the application of the law but
also interacting with people. Therefore, staff members must also
possess knowledge regarding psychology and other aspects of the
job.
"After all, our work involves both applying the law and working
with people. Psychological and other factors come into play here,
and our staff need to be well-versed in these areas. Certain skills
develop over time, based on the experience gained during the work
process," Aliyev added.
Recruitment to Prosecutor's Office and training
of young staff members
Responding to a question about the priorities of the
Prosecutor's Office's personnel policy, Prosecutor General Kamran
Aliyev stated that experienced staff and supervisors bear
significant responsibility for the professional development of
young employees.
"Experienced staff, and especially those in leadership
positions, bear a great responsibility for the professional
development and experience-building of young prosecutors. The law
and ethical standards require this of them. It is their duty to
teach young employees how to work correctly, assist them in
employing proper methods, and guide their activities in the right
direction. This is crucial," he said.
According to Aliyev, recruitment for the prosecution service is
conducted via a testing process established by law. Applications
are accepted electronically from April through October 1, followed
by testing, a written examination, and an interview.
"I would also like to touch upon the organization of personnel
management. Recruitment for the prosecution service is conducted
via a legally mandated testing process, and we issue announcements
regarding this annually. Applications are accepted electronically
from April through October 1. The testing phase, followed by the
written exam and interview stages, takes place between October 1
and January 1. We select candidates after they complete these
stages," the Prosecutor General noted.
He said that there is a large number of young lawyers wishing to
work in the prosecution service. Applications for the 30 vacancies
announced for this year were still being accepted at the time of
the interview.
"We have many young lawyers who want to work in the prosecution
service, and this pleases and encourages us. We announced 30
vacancies for this year. The acceptance of applications for these
positions is still ongoing, and a significant number of young
lawyers have already applied," Aliyev said.
93.2% of staff recruited via testing
method
According to the Prosecutor General, 93.2% of current
prosecution service employees were recruited through the testing
method introduced after 2002. He said that during the selection
process, attention was paid not only to lawyers' knowledge of the
law but also to their understanding of its essence and their
creative approach to its application.
"Currently, 93.2% of prosecution service employees were
recruited via the testing method introduced after 2002. Prior to
that time, this method hadn't been used. The fact that
approximately 93% of the staff were recruited through testing
represents a notably high figure.
We strive to select the most competent, educated, and
knowledgeable legal professionals for the prosecution service. For
us, it's important not only to understand the law from a technical
standpoint but also to grasp its philosophy and essence, and to
possess the ability to apply it creatively," he emphasized.
Aliyev expressed his belief that, building upon the prosecution
service's existing personnel potential, the institution's
professionalism and operational efficiency would continue to grow
in the future.
"I consider our personnel policy to be highly effective and
successful. The current potential of the prosecution service and
the professionalism of its staff give me every reason to believe
that the institution's professionalism and operational efficiency
will rise even further in the near future," the Prosecutor General
noted.
Number of female employees in prosecutor's
office rises
Touching upon the issue of gender equality, Aliyev said that the
number of women interested in legal education and careers in the
prosecutor's office is increasing. According to him, more women
have recently been recruited into the prosecution service and
appointed to independent positions.
"I would like to take this opportunity to address the issue of
gender equality. I closely observe the students in university law
faculties. We maintain close ties with the law faculties of
universities in Azerbaijan. I see that women are showing great
interest in the study of law. The number of women wishing to work
in the prosecutor's office is also growing day by day. Recently, we
have been recruiting more women into the service and appointing
them to independent positions," he said.
The Prosecutor General noted that four female employees serve as
district prosecutors. There is a female department head at the
Prosecutor General's Office, and the number of women serving as
deputy department heads has also increased.
"We have four female employees serving in responsible positions
as district prosecutors. There is also a female department head at
the Prosecutor General's Office, and the number of women serving as
deputy department heads has increased. This number is steadily
rising, and I believe this is one of the key factors ensuring the
modern prosecutor's office operates in the right direction," added
Aliyev.
Future of Azerbaijani Prosecutor's
Office
Responding to a question about how he envisions the future of
the prosecutor's office amidst the backdrop of cybercrime,
artificial intelligence, and transnational criminal networks, the
Prosecutor General said that he views the institution as an agile
structure composed of legal professionals who are loyal to the
state and possess a broad worldview.
"I envision the future of the Azerbaijani Prosecutor's Office as
an institution composed of legal professionals who are loyal to the
state and statehood, highly competent, and possess a broad
worldview. Their primary objective should be to serve society and
the state, contributing through their work to ensuring national
security, protecting state interests and the rights and freedoms of
citizens, and fostering economic development. I see the
Prosecutor's Office as an institution that operates proactively and
agilely in these areas," the Prosecutor General said.
Prosecutor General's message to
citizens
Delivering a message to prosecution staff and citizens in need
of legal protection on the eve of the professional holiday, Aliyev
emphasized that the Prosecutor's Office stands at the service of
the citizens.
"I would like all citizens to know that the Prosecutor's Office
is at their service. As President Ilham Aliyev has noted, we, as
civil servants, serve the state and the people.
Prosecution bodies are institutions that serve the state,
society, and every single citizen. Rest assured that the
Prosecutor's Office is ready to fulfill the duties incumbent upon
it by law. We’ll continue our activities in this direction," the
Prosecutor General concluded.
